Scratch Less, Live Better: Treating Itchy Pets

Did you know that one flea bite can make your pet itchy for weeks? Unless your pet is properly treated for fleas it probably has them. I thought my indoor cat wouldn’t get fleas but I was wrong. Baths kill fleas on your pet but have no lasting effect, so re-infestation is likely. The most effective products are topical and oral. Most of these are prescription only. It is extremely important that the product you purchase is labeled specifically for dogs or cats. Make sure the product is labeled for your pet’s age and weight. I have seen pets become ill when given incorrect flea medication. There are a few over the counter products that work, but many are ineffective. You can call a veterinarian and ask which products are best for your pet.  

If your pet is still itchy after treating for fleas, then the culprits could be pollens, molds or dust. Advances in medications have led to highly effective treatments for environmental allergens. Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors, such as Apoquel, Zenrelia and Numelvi, decrease chemical signals associated with itching. These are oral medications given daily. Cytopoint is a monoclonal antibody that targets a specific protein causing the itch sensation. It is an injection given every 4-8 weeks as needed and improvement is usually seen within 24 hours.

Immunotherapy desensitizes dogs and cats to specific allergens. It is the preferred treatment recommended by veterinary dermatologists. This treatment can be highly effective but results can take up to one year and is costly. If a pet improves with immunotherapy the treatment is continued for life, and can be more economical in the long run. It is best to ask your veterinarian about costs before starting. 

Immunosuppressants, such as cyclosporin and steroids, can be used in both dogs and cats. Steroids are generally limited to severe cases or flare-ups due to their potential for dangerous side effects. Cyclosporin can be used long term with less side effects, but can take up to 30 days to see maximum effect.

Medicated baths containing chlorhexidine, ketoconazole, miconazole or ophytrium should be given at least weekly. The shampoo washes allergens off the skin, protects and maintains the skin barrier, and treats the skin infection. If a skin infection is present then antibiotics may be prescribed.

The goal of treating allergies is comfort, not cure. It can be hard work but your pet will thank you.